Unemployment Is A Measure Of Unemployment - 1532 Words

According to Balami (2006) unemployment is conceptualized as a situation wherein a worker is or workers are involuntarily out of work. This means that workers are willing and able to work but cannot find any work. Unemployment has been defined by the classical economists as the excess supply of labour over the demand for labour which is cause by adjustment in real wage. The Classical or real-wage unemployment occurs when real wages for job are set above the market-clearing level, causing number of job-seekers to exceed the number of vacancies. Unemployment was defined by International Labour Organization (2009) as a state of joblessness which occurs when people are without jobs and they have actively sought work within the past four weeks. The unemployment is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by individuals currently in the labour force. In a 2011, Business Week Reported, â€Å"More than two hundred (200) million people globally are out of work, a record high, as almost two-third of advanced economies and half of developing economies are experiencing a slowdown in employment growth. According to Jhingan (2001), unemployment can be conceived as the number of people who are unemployed in an economy, often given as a percentage of the labour force. Unemployment was also defined as numbers of people who are willing and able to work as well make themselves available for work at theShow MoreRelatedEvaluate Alternative Measures Which Can Be Used to Reduce Unemployment.696 Words   |  3 PagesUnemployment refers to the numbers of people not working and can be measured by the claimant count and labour force survey. There are different types of unemployment and each of them requires different policies to overcome them.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ Firstly Cyclical unemployment or demand deficient unemployment is caused by a lack of spending throughout the economy and generally affects all sectors of the economy because spending is falling. To overcome this, the government needs to introduce policies which seekRead MoreUnemployment Rate Measurement Of Unemployment879 Words   |  4 Pages Unemployment Rate Measurement The Labor force is composed by employment and unemployment. According to the Economic fifth edition, the unemployment is when someone not currently at work but who is available for work and who has actively looked for work during the previous month. There are three types of unemployment: frictional, structural and cyclical unemployment. The unemployment is one of the biggest problems that any society has to face it. The unemployment reflects the status of the economyRead MoreThe Correlation Between Unemployment And Inflation1506 Words   |  7 PagesBoth unemployment and inflation are two important components when it comes to studying an entire economy and it is also very easy to get those statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) which is a governmental statistical organization that gathers, processes, analyzes, and broadcasts important statistical figures to the American public, the U.S. Congress, other Federal agencies, State and local governments, business, and labor. The Bureau Labor of Statistics also assists as a statisticalRead More The Phillips Curve Essay1316 Words   |  6 PagesThe Phillips Curve Economists agree that unemployment and inflation are two of the major macroeconomic problems of the twentieth century. If a relationship between the two existed then this would be a major break through for the macro management of the economy. 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The Committee anticipates continuedRead MoreUnemployment Trends around the World1521 Words   |  6 PagesReference Business Economics. Rob Dransfield, 2014, Routledge: London Office for national statistics. Release: regional labour market statistic, 19 march 2014 Structural unemployment in Western Europe: reasons and remedies. Edited by martin Werding. 2006. Massachusetts institute of technology. Unemployment in Europe: Problems and Policies. VALERIE SYMES, 1995, Routledge: London Youth studies, An Introduction. By Andy Foulong, 2013, Routledge: London References Crisis in Australia which way out. EditedRead MoreMacroeconomics And Macroeconomics Of Macroeconomics1445 Words   |  6 Pagesthe two most general fields ineconomics. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, National income, price indices, and the interrelations among the different sectors of the economy, to better understand how the whole economy functions. Macroeconomists develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation,savings, investment, international trade and international finance. In contrast, microeconomicsRead MoreCauses Of Unemployment Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesUnemployment is one the major economic problems which are affecting most of the countries in the world especially the developing countries. Unemployment is a phenomenon where a person is actively searching for employment, but they are unable to find it. There are two immediate factors causing unemployment, which include voluntary and involuntary unemployment. Voluntary unemployment majorly arises as a result of an individual leaving the current job to search for another work. This unemployment may

Marketing Strategy And Advertisements Advertising

Marketing Strategy and Advertisements It is hard to turn on the television without seeing marketing advertisements. Some ads are good and helpful while others are unethical and annoying. An individual will see advertisements for food, sanitary products, prescription drugs, and lawyers, to name a few, but this list could go on and on. All of these companies are trying to get you to use their service or purchase their products. A marketing campaign tries to sway the consumer by trying to satisfy a want or a need that through research they have identified (Bethel University, 2011). Personally, there are numerous needs of mine that have been met, and my decision to go with a product has been based at times on their advertisements. In†¦show more content†¦The advertisements that were so annoying, we think we are blocking out, but it is like a subliminal message was left behind. Sometimes, years of research go into the making of a product, countless hours of research and bringing those products to the public eye, at times they already know that there is a market out there that will use their products. So, why not make a commercial or jingle that will stick with you, so when your necessity arises you will utilize their product or service. The research and marketing strategies that a percentage of businesses come up with works, their efforts have led me to fulfill a need of my own. One of our basic needs is food. We are inundated with ads for all types of food. Fast food, organic foods, junk food, you name it there is an advertisement to go along with it. I am a very busy person, so most of the time it is the fast food ads that get me. It is easier and cheaper to grab a hamburger or something already prepared through a drive-thru than it is to go to the grocery store to prepare a meal. Since my children have grown up and left home, cooking is something that I rarely do anymore, for the simple fact that it is easier to pick something up and keep going about my day. McDonald’s advertisement makes it easy for me. They not only are open all hours, it is convenient and very inexpensive. I cannot say that it is

Strategic Analysis of Vodafone Group PLC Free Essays

Beginning with a basic tool, a mobile wallet and how Vodafone (rated 10th on the FTSE 100 index) is engaging this issue, then moving on to discuss smartphones and how their popularity is increasing. An assortment of examples where strategic management is occurring within the organization alongside the frameworks used by managers to calculate the company’s future expansion will be reviewed; plus, where threats are causing concern and how Vodafone plans to start a new strategic approach to tackle them. Finally, a conclusion based on the evidence will provide recommendations on how the organization should progress in order to sustain future growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis of Vodafone Group PLC or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction This report will illustrate how Vodafone Group PLC (the world’s leading mobile network company), is using key strengths and opportunities; with a series of analytical frameworks employed by managers, explaining how capitalization is being accomplished. An overview of Vodafone’s M2M markets will be provided, to illustrate the importance of the organization’s interest in merging and acquisition to compete globally with rivals and their substitutes. The examples and strategic methods will identify how the company will protract future growth and emphasize areas of concern in mature European markets. Finally, implications toward what needs to be enhanced and maintained to maximize growth will be examined, because Vodafone currently stands 10th on the FTSE 100 index; and, since 2010, revenue has become ‘organic’. M2M Marketing and Future Innovation Most consumers seem not too bothered by having a mobile wallet – younger people do not feel as subdued as older users. Vodafone is working with Visa to reach out to consumers who are willing to use one; also, to combat substitutes such as Orange who have merged with MasterCard. A smartphone is needed by consumers to obtain a mobile wallet. ‘Smartphones now make up the majority of consumers’ handsets, with 53% of mobile phone subscribers using a smartphone as their primary handset. This is a rise of 17 percentage points from one year ago,’ (Mobile Network Providers, Mintel, 2012). Ten percentage points of this rise included a Vodafone competence, their Blackberry device. Vodafone has noticed augmentation in smartphone usage ‘with 27% of customers in Europe using these devices today, compared to 19% last year,’ (Vodafone Annual Report, p. 22, 2012). Generic strategies in the U.K. seemingly target the younger generation (16-24 year olds) and Voda fone appears to be thinking broadly with what seems to be a cost leadership strategy to trounce rivals. Technological innovation and Vodafone’s vigorous market position enables it to offer new commodities to its consumers; but however, robust competition from telecommunications companies are threatening overall growth. Vodafone has merged with and acquired organizations to strategically position itself globally in the M2M market. ‘The global cellular machine-to-machine (M2M) connectivity cervices market is growing rapidly. M2M refers to technologies that allow both wireless and wired systems to communicate with other devices of the same ability. The M2M market has become a mainstream segment of the cellular industry. The market for cumulative cellular M2M connections is expected to grow at a CAGR of more than 25% between 2011 and 2016 and is expected cross 360 million connections.’ (Vodafone Group PLC, SWOT Analysis, Marketline, p. 6, 2012) Corporate strategies seem centred on market penetration, as Vodafone aims to increase its share in a growing market. The ‘new markets and existing products’ quadrant of the product/market matrix is one Vodafone often selects to obtain new territories, segments and uses. Currently, tactics in the M2M market are seemingly being reconsidered, since Vodafone ‘is focused on offering value added mobile data services to its customers. In addition, is also focused on improving technologies to deliver data faster,’ (MarketLine, p. 7, 2012). This indicates Vodafone is also enhancing ‘existing markets and new products/services’ with product development. ‘Vodafone has a strong focus on providing M2M services. The group serves around 5.3 million M2M connections around the world. In addition, Vodafone is in the best position to take advantage of the Vodafone Group Public Limited Company global M2M communications opportunity and was topped in a benchmark ing study by Machina Research. The group’s diversified geographic presence and long-established network of partner markets would further accelerate this opportunity. Hence, the positive outlook for these services would allow Vodafone to increase its revenues and market share in the future’ (MarketLine, p.p. 6-7, 2012). Vodafone is frequently expanding its M2M market. After bidding for the troubled telecoms group Cable Wireless Worldwide (CWW), the group’s shares increased by almost ‘45% after Vodafone confirmed that it was interested. [†¦] Confirmation of Vodafone’s interest pushed up shares in CW Worldwide 28.5p, taking the company’s equity value to more than ?700m,’ (Financial Times, 14-02-2012). On April 23rd 2012 Vodafone’s strategic capability increased with a deal, alongside external interest from shareholders. ‘Under the conditions of the deal, Vodafone will pay 38 pence per CWW share, meaning the firm has a value of ?1.044bn. The deal will add a U.K. fixed-line network to Vodafone’s mobile network currently in place.’ (BBC, 24-03-2012). European markets are an area of concern (particularly competency in mature markets), also, various legal proceedings – perceived as external threats – have been occurring there, which could potentially damage intangible resources such as reputation and popularity in the region alongside attitudes, opinions and interests (AOIs); plus, ‘high penetration rates in these markets signify weak prospects for the group to report growth, making it dependent on differentiation and value added services for future growth,’ (MarketLine, p.9, 2012). So, the company’s development of ‘long-term evolution technology’ (LTE) seems to be an attempt to tackle this, which can produce ‘user speeds of up to 12 Mbps, compared to up to 6 Mbps on 3G. In Germany, our first market to launch LTE, we have already deployed the capability on 12% of our radio sites,’ (Vodafone Annual Report, p.24, 2012). Conclusion Vodafone’s value chain will need to be altered upon acquiring CWW. Firm infrastructure, technology development and service will possibly be enhanced; especially by obtaining CWW’s unique resources including corporate voice, data and hosting services; which can potentially impinge on the primary activities within the value chain; increasing marketing and sales, operations and service. Vodafone should continue with their penetration strategies in growing markets as acquisition has been functional for growth. In Europe, decisions should be based on consolidation to protect the company’s shares; because the business has selected a differentiation strategy, which seems sensible with weak prospects. Therefore, LTE should be prioritised for ‘4G’ phones now and in the future, because the experience curve will potentially increase in emerging markets (i.e. India etc.) as it decreases in Europe and the U.S. hence, entrepreneurial innovation and core competence s are practical to uphold cost leadership. Online References Mobile Network Providers, 2012. Mintel. [online] Available at: http://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen/display/no_redirectid=614468?select_section=614469 [Accessed 7th June 2012]. Vodafone Group PLC, 2012, Vodafone Annual Report. [pdf]. 31 March 2012, Available at: http://www.vodafone.com/content/dam/vodafone/investors/annual_reports/Vodafone_Annual_Report_12.pdf [Accessed 6th June 2012]. MarketLine, 2012. Vodafone Group Public Limited Company, SWOT Analysis. [pdf] Available at: http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3hid=123sid=387f388a-6245-440f-8c14-41aa6663438b%40sessionmgr112 [Accessed 6th June 2012] Financial Times, 2012. Vodafone confirms talks with CWW. [press release], 14 February 2012, Available at: http://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/showtype=NSItemclass=Newssort=recentdisplay=abridgedpage=1/display/id=611097anchor=611097 [Accessed 7th June 2012]. BBC, 2012. Vodafone agrees takeover of CW Worldwide. [press release], 24 March 2012, Available at: http://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/display/id=52609/display/id=619664 [Accessed 8th June 2012]. How to cite Strategic Analysis of Vodafone Group PLC, Essay examples